Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Biography

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Cystic fibrosis is a serious inherited disease which mainly affects the lungs and pancreas, but can involve other organs. Symptoms usually begin in early childhood and include persistent cough, wheeze, repeated chest infections, malabsorption of food and general ill health. Treatments include antibiotics, physiotherapy, mucus thinning medicines, pancreatic enzyme replacements and other therapies. Cystic fibrosis is a condition which mainly affects the lungs and pancreas, but can affect other parts of the body, including the liver, nose and sinuses, reproductive organs, and sweat glands. Normally, cells in these parts of the body make mucus and other watery juices and secretions. In people with cystic fibrosis, these cells do not function correctly and make mucus and secretions which are thicker than normal. This can cause various symptoms and problems  Cystic fibrosis is a genetic disorder. If you have cystic fibrosis, one of your genes does not work properly. This is known as a CFTR gene which is on chromosome 7. There are different mutations that can occur in this gene and this means that there are different severities of cystic fibrosis that occur. This gene helps to control the way the cells handle sodium and chloride ions (salt). The mutation in the gene results in the cells being unable to handle sodium and chloride properly. As a result, cells in affected organs have a fault in the way sodium and chloride travel in and out of the cells. Basically, too much sodium travels into the cells. Water follows the sodium, which leaves too little water outside the cells. This causes the mucus or watery secretions outside the cells to be too thick (for example, in the airways of the lungs). About 1 in 2,500 babies in the UK are born with cystic fibrosis. Over 9,000 people currently have cystic fibrosis in the UK. Cystic fibrosis is an autosomal recessive disorder. This means that in order to develop cystic fibrosis you need to inherit two cystic fibrosis genes, one from your mother and one from your father. If you inherit only one cystic fibrosis gene, you are called a carrier. About 1 in 25 people in the UK of Caucasian descent (white European) are carriers of the cystic fibrosis gene. It is much less common in Afro-Caribbean and Asian people. Carriers do not have the disease, as they have one normal gene which can control the salt transport in their cells. But carriers can pass the cystic fibrosis gene on to their children. When two people who carry the cystic fibrosis gene have a child, there is The pancreas normally makes digestive juices which contain chemicals (enzymes). The digestive juices normally flow out from the pancreatic duct into the duodenum and digest food.
In people with cystic fibrosis, thickened secretions block the normal flow of the digestive juices from the pancreas. This can result in food not being digested or absorbed properly - in particular, fatty foods and fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E and K). In about 3 in 10 cases the pancreas functions well and there are no or minimal gut symptoms, and mainly just lung symptoms. About 1 in 10 children with cystic fibrosis are diagnosed shortly after birth. This is due to a condition called meconium ileus where in some cases the gut becomes blocked with meconium - a thick, dark, sticky substance which is made by the baby's gut before being Other organs may be affected which may cause various other problems in some cases. Also, the pancreas and airways may become severely affected. Therefore, other problems which may also occur in some cases include. Some cases of cystic fibrosis are diagnosed in adults who have relatively mild symptoms. This may be due to some mutations of the cystic fibrosis gene not being as faulty as others. The handling of sodium and chloride may only be mildly affected in these cases. How is cystic fibrosis diagnosed? A doctor may arrange a sweat test if he or she suspects cystic fibrosis from the symptoms. This test measures the amount of salt (sodium and chloride) in skin sweat. People with cystic fibrosis have an abnormally high salt level in sweat. A genetic test can confirm the diagnosis. Some cells are either scraped from the inside of the cheek or taken from a blood test. These can be tested to detect the cystic fibrosis  All newborn babies in the UK are now screened for cystic fibrosis. A small heel prick blood test is taken about the sixth day after birth. This can detect a chemical called immunoreactive trypsinogen which is high in babies with cystic fibrosis. If it is high then a sweat test and genetic test can be done to confirm the diagnosis. Screening is considered important because the earlier the diagnosis is made, the sooner treatment can begin which improves the outlook (prognosis). There are many aspects to the treatment of people with cystic fibrosis. Treatment involves the input, advice, and expertise of various professionals, such as child health doctors, specialist nurses, physiotherapists, dieticians, counsellors and psychologists as well as your primary healthcare team.

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker

Lung Diseases List Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker