Images Of Lungs Biography
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A ventilation/perfusion lung
scan, also called a V/Q lung scan, is a type of medical imaging using
scintigraphy and medical isotopes to evaluate the circulation of air and blood
within a patient's lungs, in order to determine the ventilation/perfusion ratio.
The ventilation part of the test looks at the ability of air to reach all parts
of the lungs, while the perfusion part evaluates how well blood circulates
within the lungs. This test is most commonly done
in order to check for the presence of a blood clot or abnormal blood flow
inside the lungs (such as a pulmonary embolism or PE), although computed
tomography with radiocontrast is now more commonly used for this purpose. The
V/Q scan may be used in some circumstances where radiocontrast would be inappropriate,
as in renal failure.
A V/Q lung scan may be performed
in the case of serious lung disorders such as Chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD) or pneumonia as well as a lung performance quantification tool
pre- and post-lung lobectomy surgery. The ventilation and perfusion
phases of a V/Q lung scan are performed together and may include a chest x-ray
for comparison or to look for other causes of lung disease. A defect in the
perfusion images requires a mismatched ventilation defect to be indicative of
pulmonary embolism. In the ventilation phase of the test, a gaseous
radionuclide such as xenon or technetium DTPA in an aerosol form is inhaled by
the patient through a mouthpiece or
mask that covers the nose and mouth. Ventilation imaging can also be performed
using a Technegas machine which produces technetium labelled carbon
nanoparticles, called Technegas. The perfusion phase of the test involves the
intravenous injection of radioactive technetium macro aggregated albumin
(Tc99m-MAA). A gamma camera acquires the images for both phases of the study. It is also possible to perform
the scan with positron emission tomography (PET) rather than conventional gamma
camera scintigraphy. This has been performed with Gallium-68 labelled carbon
nanoparticles (Galligas) using a conventional Technegas machine for ventilation
images, and with Gallium-68 labelled MAA (Ga68-MAA) for perfusion images. PET
has multiple potential advantages including superior resolution, speed and
quantification. Decreased uptake of the inhaled radioisotope may indicate an
impaired ability to breathe, airway obstruction, or possible pneumonia.
Decreased circulation of the injected MAA indicates a problem with blood flow
into or within the lungs. A localized area of decreased uptake, usually in a
wedge shaped (or pie shaped) configuration with normal ventilation images
(mismatched defect) suggests a pulmonary embolus or blood clot in the lungs,
which leads to reduced perfusion. Although this test uses
radioactive materials, the total amount of radiation exposure is low. In order
to decrease the radiation exposure in pregnant patients, the total radioactive
dose may be decreased or the ventilation phase omitted. Computed tomography
with radiocontrast can alternatively be performed, although this can result in
a greater radiation dose to the patient. If breastfeeding, patient must be
counselled to refrain from this activity for approximately 24 hours.Ventilation-perfusion
scintigraphy in a woman taking oral contraceptives and valdecoxib with a
pulmonary embolism. (A) After inhalation of 20.1 mCi of Xenon-133 gas,
scintigraphic images were obtained in the posterior projection, showing uniform
ventilation to lungs. (B) After intravenous injection of 4.1 mCi of
Technetium-99m-labeled macroaggregated albumin, scintigraphic images were
obtained, shown here in the posterior projection. This and other views showed
decreased activity in the following regions: apical segment of right upper
lobe, anterior segment of right upper lobe, superior segment of right lower
lobe, posterior basal segment of right lower lobe, anteromedial basal segment
of left lower lobe, and lateral basal segment of left lower lobe.
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Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
Images Of Lungs Lungs Diagram of a Smoker after Smoking Cancer Anatomy And Heart Drawing Images AFter Smoking Wee of a Weed Smoker
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